Pragmatics of the Speech Acts in the Book of Majales al-Ulamaa" -by AL-Zajjaji (337 AH)

(Expressives as a model)

Abstract

After the pragmatic direction is one of the latest linguistic directions that is concerned with the use of language during the communication process, it is based on a set of concepts and procedural mechanisms, the most prominent of which are: speech acts, which are the most important theory in the pragmatic lesson; This is if we look at language as an effective force in reality and influencing it. "Expressives"( divulcations ) are one of the types of speech acts in John Searle’s classification as acts through which the speaker’s feelings and attitudes are expressed and disclosed, which is the purpose (337 AH), Specifically,  (grammatical assemblies), and clarifying the type of speech act (direct or indirect). The study reached an important result that the types of expressive speech act in assemblies Among them, primarily, is venting oneself, and then influencing the recipient, and directing him to do something or not. This research aims to trace the expressive verbal acts in the gatherings of scholars by Al-Zajjaji And to reach and analyze the speaker’s achievement goal by relying on the descriptive and analytical approach. Based on the above, the researcher focused her analysis on Searle’s division: For speech acts in terms of whether they are direct or indirect. Grammatical scholars appeared in direct and indirect expressive methods, in addition to their achievement purposes It may be numerous and varied depending on the situation and the speaker’s intentions.