What is the relationship between Demographic Characteristics and Organisational Commitment Employees?
الكلمات المفتاحية:
Managers, Organisational Commitment; Demographic Characteristics; Management; Saudi Arabia
الملخص
The study examined how demographic characteristics affects well-educated, young employees and their commitment to the organisation. A questioner was distributed to managers, whom working in local banks located in Saudi Arabia to measure their organisational commitment. The responses analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics. The results revealed that, the managers had a high level of organisational commitment, and their demographic characteristics marginally influenced their commitment. The results, consequently, suggest that demographic characteristics, such as employee age or tenure, were not suitable predictors of organisational commitment. Additional analysis highlights that there were differences between Asian employees’ behaviour and that of employees in other regions. A discussion was provided and more research opportunities are acknowledged.
المراجع
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33. Meyer, JP & Allen, NJ 1991, ‘A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment’, Human resource management review, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 61-89.
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36. Mowday, R, Porter, L & Steers, R 1982, ‘Employee Organizational linkages: The Psychology of Commitment, Absenteeism, and Turnover’, New York: Academic Press.
37. Pala, F, Eker, S & Eker, M 2008, ‘The effects of demographic characteristics on organizational commitment and job satisfaction: an empirical study on Turkish health care staff’, Is, Guc: The Journal of Industrial Relations & Human Resources, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 54-75.
38. Pourghaz, A, Tamini, KB & Karamad, A 2011, ‘Do demographic characteristics make a difference to job satisfaction, organizational commitment and burnout among travel agency drivers? (A Case Study in Iran)’, Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, vol. 1, no. 8, pp. 916-923.
39. Salami, SO 2008, Demographic and psychological factors predicting organizational commitment among industrial workers. Anthropologist, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 31-38.
40. Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority 2015, Yearly Statistics, 51, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
41. Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority 2016, Annual Statistics, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
42. Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority 2017, Monthly Statistics, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
43. Sekaran, U & Bougie, R 2010, ‘Research methods for business: A skill building approach’, 5th ed, London, John Wiley & Sons.
44. Shin, SJ, Jeong, I & Bae, J 2016, ‘Do high-involvement HRM practices matter for worker creativity? A cross-level approach’, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, pp. 1-26.
45. Sloan, D, Buckham, R & Lee, Y 2017, ‘Exploring differentiation of self and organizational commitment. Journal of Managerial Psychology, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 193-206.
46. Wang, X, Ma, L & Zhang, M 2014, ‘Transformational leadership and agency workers' organizational commitment: The mediating effect of organizational justice and job characteristics’, Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 25-36.
47. Yucel, I & Bektas, C 2012, ‘Job satisfaction, organizational commitment and demographic characteristics among teachers in Turkey: Younger is better?’, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, vol. 46, pp. 1598-1608.
2. Afshari, L & Gibson, P 2015, ‘Development of organizational commitment and value internalization’, World Journal of Management, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 187-198.
3. Alberaidi, A & AlRasheed, N 2012, ‘Empowerment level and obstacles and its relationship to organisational loyalty in Saudi banking sector: an empirical study on a sample of Qassim region’s banks’, Public Administration Journal, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 159-199.
4. Alenazi, F 2005, ‘Organizational commitment level between Civil & Army employees in king Khalid Military Academy. unpublished master dissertation’, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
5. Al-Genae’e, N. A, & Ali, A. M. S. 2021. Impact of organizational culture on job performance through administrative empowerment in private hospitals at the Capital City of Sana’a. Jordan Journal of Business Administration, 17(1), 147-159–159.
6. Alkahtani, AH 2016, ‘The Influence of Leadership Styles on Organizational Commitment: The Moderating Effect of Emotional Intelligence’, Business and Management Studies, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 23-34.
7. Al-Kahtani, NS 2012, ‘An exploratory study of organizational commitment, demographic variables and job & work related variables among employees in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’, Online International Interdisciplinary Research Journal, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 1-13.
8. Alkordi, M 2012, ‘The impact of job characteristics on organizational commitment for public employees in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia’, Public Administration Journal, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 539-585.
9. Allen, NJ & Meyer, JP 1990, ‘The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization’, Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 1-18.
10. Allen, NJ & Meyer, JP 1993, ‘Organizational commitment: evidence of career stage effects?’, Journal of business research, vol. 26, no.1, pp. 49-61.
11. Amangala, TA 2013, ‘The Effects of Demographic Characteristics on Organisational Commitment: A Study of Salespersons in the Soft Drink Industry in Nigeria’, European Journal of Business and Management, vol. 5, pp. 109-118.
12. Biswas, S 2010, ‘Relationship between psychological climate and turnover intentions and its impact on organisational effectiveness: A study in Indian organisations’, IIMB Management Review, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 102-110.
13. Carbery, R, Garavan, T, O'Brien, F & McDonnell, J. 2003, ‘Predicting hotel managers' turnover cognitions’, Journal of Managerial Psychology, vol. 18, no. 7, pp. 649-679.
14. Chaudhry, N & Saini, M 2014, ‘Impact of Psycho-demographic Variables on Organizational Commitment in Banking Sector: a comparative study’, International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Systems, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 41-48.
15. Chen, LT, Chen, CW & Chen, CY 2010, ‘Are educational background and gender moderator variables for leadership, satisfaction and organizational commitment?’, African Journal of Business Management, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 248-261.
16. Chen, ZX & Francesco, AM 2000, ‘Employee demography, organizational commitment, and turnover intentions in China: do cultural differences matter?’, Human relations, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 869-887.
17. Chordiya, R, Sabharwal, M & Goodman, D 2017, ‘Affective organizational commitment and job satisfaction: a cross-national comparative study’, Public Administration, vol. 95, no. 1, pp. 178-195.
18. Dirani, KM & Kuchinke, KP 2011, ‘Job satisfaction and organizational commitment: validating the Arabic satisfaction and commitment questionnaire (ASCQ), testing the correlations, and investigating the effects of demographic variables in the Lebanese banking sector’, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 22, no. 05, pp. 1180-1202.
19. Eisinga, R, Teelken, C& Doorewaard, H 2010, ‘Assessing cross-national invariance of the three-component model of organizational commitment: A six-country study of European university faculty’, Cross-Cultural Research, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 341-373.
20. Gamble, J& Huang, Q 2008, ‘Organizational commitment of Chinese employees in foreign-invested firms: Organizational commitment of Chinese employees in foreign-invested firms’, The international journal of human resource management, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 896-915.
21. Gellatly, IR, Hunter, KH, Currie, LG & Irving, PG 2009, ‘HRM practices and organizational commitment profiles’, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 869-884.
22. Hair, J, Black, W, Babin, B & Anderson, R 2010, Multivariate Data Analysis, 7th ed., Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
23. Hofstede, G 1980, ‘Motivation, leadership, and organization: do American theories apply abroad?’, Organizational dynamics, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 42-63, viewed 10 June 2014,
24. Hofstede, G 1981, ‘Culture and organizations’, International Studies of Management & Organization, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 15-41.
25. Hofstede, G 1984, ‘Cultural dimensions in management and planning’, Asia Pacific journal of management, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 81-99.
26. Hofstede, G 2007, ‘Asian management in the 21st century’, Asia pacific journal of management, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 411-420.
27. Hofstede, G 2011, ‘Dimensionalizing cultures: The Hofstede model in context’, Online readings in psychology and culture, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1-26, viewed 10 June 2014,
28. Huang, CC, You, CS & Tsai, MT 2012, ‘A multidimensional analysis of ethical climate, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and organizational citizenship behaviors’, Nursing Ethics, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 513-529.
29. Iqbal, A, Kokash, HA & Al-Oun, S 2011, ‘The impact assessment of demographic factors on faculty commitment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabian universities’, Journal of College Teaching and Learning, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 1-13.
30. Kaur, K & Sandhu, HS 2010, ‘Career stage effect on organizational commitment: Empirical evidence from Indian banking industry’, International Journal of Business and Management, vol. 5, no. 12, pp. 141-152.
31. Kónya, V, Matić, D, & Pavlović, J 2016, ‘The influence of demographics, job characteristics and characteristics of organizations on employee commitment’, Acta Polytechnica Hungarica, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 119-138.
32. Lambert, EG, Keena, LD, May, D, Haynes, SH & Buckner, Z 2017, ‘To be committed or not: examining effects of personal and workplace variables on the organizational commitment of Southern prison staff’, Criminal Justice Studies, pp. 1-17.
33. Meyer, JP & Allen, NJ 1991, ‘A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment’, Human resource management review, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 61-89.
34. Meyer, JP, Allen, NJ & Smith, CA 1993, ‘Commitment to organizations and occupations: Extension and test of a three-component conceptualization’, Journal of applied psychology, vol. 78, no. 4, pp. 538-551.
35. Meyer, JP, Stanley, DJ, Herscovitch, L & Topolnytsky, L 2002, ‘Affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization: A meta-analysis of antecedents, correlates, and consequences’, Journal of vocational behavior, vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 20-52.
36. Mowday, R, Porter, L & Steers, R 1982, ‘Employee Organizational linkages: The Psychology of Commitment, Absenteeism, and Turnover’, New York: Academic Press.
37. Pala, F, Eker, S & Eker, M 2008, ‘The effects of demographic characteristics on organizational commitment and job satisfaction: an empirical study on Turkish health care staff’, Is, Guc: The Journal of Industrial Relations & Human Resources, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 54-75.
38. Pourghaz, A, Tamini, KB & Karamad, A 2011, ‘Do demographic characteristics make a difference to job satisfaction, organizational commitment and burnout among travel agency drivers? (A Case Study in Iran)’, Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, vol. 1, no. 8, pp. 916-923.
39. Salami, SO 2008, Demographic and psychological factors predicting organizational commitment among industrial workers. Anthropologist, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 31-38.
40. Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority 2015, Yearly Statistics, 51, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
41. Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority 2016, Annual Statistics, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
42. Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority 2017, Monthly Statistics, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
43. Sekaran, U & Bougie, R 2010, ‘Research methods for business: A skill building approach’, 5th ed, London, John Wiley & Sons.
44. Shin, SJ, Jeong, I & Bae, J 2016, ‘Do high-involvement HRM practices matter for worker creativity? A cross-level approach’, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, pp. 1-26.
45. Sloan, D, Buckham, R & Lee, Y 2017, ‘Exploring differentiation of self and organizational commitment. Journal of Managerial Psychology, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 193-206.
46. Wang, X, Ma, L & Zhang, M 2014, ‘Transformational leadership and agency workers' organizational commitment: The mediating effect of organizational justice and job characteristics’, Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 25-36.
47. Yucel, I & Bektas, C 2012, ‘Job satisfaction, organizational commitment and demographic characteristics among teachers in Turkey: Younger is better?’, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, vol. 46, pp. 1598-1608.
منشور
2023-05-27
كيفية الاقتباس
Dr. Fiyad Ahmad Alenazi. (2023). What is the relationship between Demographic Characteristics and Organisational Commitment Employees?. International Journal on Humanities and Social Sciences, (45), 246-267. https://doi.org/10.33193/IJoHSS.45.2023.575
إصدار
القسم
المقالات
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2023 Dr. Fiyad Ahmad Alenazi
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