Treatment of Horizontal Displacement Distortions of Multi-Scale Topographic Maps using Geomatics Technology

Abstract

Topographic maps suffer from several problems, including the different scales of the drawing and the types of data and satellite visualizations from which the maps were prepared, here the problem of horizontal displacement is highlighted, which causes distortion in the maps as a result of measurement and treatment of displacement problems and correction of the Samarra topographic map with a scale of 100,000:1 prepared by the Iraqi General Survey Authority, and through the field study in the Samarra district in order to record the values of the ground control points mediated by the GPS device  And the work of digital treatments for maps using the technology of geomatics, including engineering correction of maps, modification of drawing scales and filtering of features to increase clarity, redrawing, numbering and coding them in the form of perceptive maps free of distortions.