Surgical Robots

Abstract

The medical field has undergone significant transformations throughout history, leading to profound changes in medical practice, particularly through technological innovations such as surgical robots. These systems are remotely controlled by surgeons using precise consoles, allowing highly accurate movements inside the patient’s body. They reduce surgical incision size and enhance three-dimensional visualization, which improves surgical outcomes and accelerates patient recovery.

This article highlights the historical and developmental evolution of surgical robots as modern technologies in contemporary medicine and examines their use in different healthcare contexts. It documents this development at both international and national levels. The United States represents a pioneering model in integrating robotic surgery, using advanced systems such as ZEUS and Da Vinci to expand minimally invasive procedures and improve precision. The article also discusses Germany’s experience, where the Da Vinci Single Port system was first applied at the University of Freiburg in oral and maxillofacial surgeries as well as partial liver resections, contributing to greater precision.

In Morocco, robotic surgery marks an important step toward modernizing the healthcare sector and aligning with global medical standards. This includes a remote surgical procedure between China and Morocco using the advanced Toumai robot, as well as the integration of the fourth-generation Da Vinci Xi system. This progress has been supported by the Moroccan Society of Robotic Surgery through the promotion of innovation, continuous training, and the advancement of surgical practice.

The study adopts an analytical approach to examine patients’ perspectives on this emerging treatment modality through a questionnaire, offering a comprehensive view of the interaction between technological progress and health and social realities. It concludes that surgical robots represent an integrated model combining medical expertise and technological advancement, holding promising potential for improved treatment and faster recovery while addressing the challenges inherent to the medical field.